ملخص الدراسة:

The stela of Paser which the Cairo Museum possesses (JdE 43649 ) is one of the most important religious documents ever found in Egypt. It was unearthed at Abydos but exact provenance unknown .The stela is of limestone of very mediocre quality, and measures 54 by 35 cm. It purchased in Balliana, the market town for the Abydos region.The inscriptions and representations are somewhat carelessly incised. It is the single document which provides the greatest information on the cult of King Nebpehtyre Ahmose the first at Abydos. A good photograph is reproduced here of G. Legrain," Un miracle d'Ahmès Ier à Abydos sous le règne de Ramsès II.", in: ASAE 16, 1916. It describes a land dispute put before the barque oracle of the deified Nebpehtyre Ahmose the first in year fourteenth of the King Ramses the second of Nineteenth Dynasty, some two hundreds and thirty five years after the death of Nebpehtyre Ahmose the first. The names and titles of the priests and priestesses serving the cult of King Nebpehtyre Ahmose the first are found on a variety of objects from Abydos, spanning the period from the early Eighteenth Dynasty into the reign of King Ramses the second of Nineteenth Dynasty. The activity of an oracle cult of the deified King during the Ramesside Period implies that significant transformations to the nature and practice of Ahmose's worship had taken place over time at Abydos. Perhaps the oracles are the best illustrations of the interest which the deity was believed to take in human affairs. The oracles also show how the Egyptians almost forced their gods to abandon a passive attitude towards men and to reveal their will, advice or knowledge. This was done through the intermediary of the statue of the god which was asked questions, though more than one case is related where the initiative came from the god himself. Strangely enough, the practice of approaching the god and consulting him appears relatively late in Egypt, the first known instances dating from the New Kingdom. It is not necessary to conclude from this, as has sometimes been done, that the practice was originally foreign to Egypt, and was introduced from abroad; on the contrary, consultation with the god is the natural result of man's reasoning, and the rather original technique which the Egyptians devised for this purpose suggests that oracles in Egypt were of native origin. The first reference to the divine will being manifested is probably that made by King Tuthmosis III, who relates how, when he was still a boy, the god Amun, in the course of a procession of his statue round the temple, noticed him and halted.