ملخص الدراسة:

The Gaza Strip region is a fragile ecosystem suffering from increasing environmental assaults due to the escalating population growth and the very limited natural resources available to support their development demands. Sustainability performance (SP) of the individual construction project during its lifecycle (LC) is a main objective to achieve the sustainable development. The aim of this study is to apply a buildings SP assessment system that can be used by engineers to understand and improve SP in the holistic process of the project LC in Gaza Strip. This aim is achieved by four objectives. The objectives: The first objective was to explore the environmental impact of construction projects throughout their LC phases and rank the relative weight of the common factors influence construction projects’ SP in Gaza Strip. The second objective was to rank the relative importance of the sustainable factors that take in consideration during the construction projects’ LC phases in Gaza Strip. The third objective was to assess buildings SP in order to understand and improve SP in the holistic process of the project LC in Gaza Strip. The fourth objective was to propose recommendations to improve the SP of construction project in Gaza Strip. The methodology: To achieve the aim and the objectives of the study was to set a questionnaire and a checklist. Questionnaire was set to explore the environmental impact of construction projects throughout their LC phases and rank the relative importance of the common factors influence construction projects’ SP in Gaza Strip, and to rank the relative importance of the sustainable factors that take in consideration during the construction projects’ LC phases in Gaza Strip. Two case studies were assessed by a chick list, which was conducted to measure the degree of application of sustainability factors during the project’s LC in Gaza Strip. Moreover, the chick list measures the degree of satisfaction of the applied factors during the project’s LC in Gaza Strip. The first objective results: The finding showed that, the most common factors affecting the SP of the construction project at the overall LC phases were: reusable/recyclable element, provision of services, energy consumption, water cost, and water pollution assessment. The results identify the “reusable/recyclable element” as the salient factor affecting the SP of building in Gaza Strip. It had the 1strank of all phases of the projects LC phases, with weighted mean (67.38%). The lowest rank of the fifty three factors is the “Improvement of infrastructure”, with weighted mean (50.34%). The second objective results: The findings obtained that the most common factors taking in consideration in the LC phases of the construction projects in Gaza strip were: provision of services, standardization, community amenities, materials choice, and site security. The results identify the “provision of services” as the salient factor that is taken in consideration in the LC phases of the construction projects in Gaza Strip. It had the 1strank of all phases of the projects LC phases, with weighted mean (75.49%). The factor that ranks at the last of the fifty three factors is the “security consideration” under the design phase, with weighted mean (57.45%). The third objective results (The two case studies assessment): The results indicated that for Rafah re-housing project, (67.27%) of the sustainability factors were applied at various phases of the project, an (32.72%) were sometimes applied. The results indicated that (80%) of factors that impact on the SP of the project applied at various phases of the project, and (20%) were sometimes impact applied. These results indicated that the sustainability factors generally applied in this project. The results of KhanYounis re-housing project, (61.81%) of the sustainability factors were applied at various phases of the project, an (38.18%) were sometimes applied. It is obtained that (63.63%) of factors that impact on the SP of the project applied at various phases of the project, an (34.54%) were sometimes Impact applied. The most frequent factors for the degree of application (consideration), for the case studies, the factors that appeared at the first ranks of the two cases were: "public awareness", "Provision of services", "Effect on local economy", and "Standardization". The factor that appear at the first five ranks of the questionnaire is: "Standardization". So, it can be said that this factor the most applied factor of the sustainable factors in construction projects. The most frequent factors for the impact on SP, for the case studies, the factors related to the "Employment" and "Public awareness" are frequent at the first five ranks of the two case studies. There is no factor repeated at the first five ranks factors at the impact on SP part of the questionnaire. Academic implications: The main intention is clearly shown that there is much in place for the sector to move towards sustainability. In addition, on whole this sector's barriers to becoming more sustainable are issues of lack of commitment due to inertia and poor understanding, and lack of integration and synergy amongst all stakeholders. Engineers need a comprehensive basic understanding of sustainability issues. All engineers need these systems perspective, not only those working directly with sustainability issues. Practical implications: The construction sector is in a dynamic state in Gaza Strip; the extent and depth of its importance can be determined, so the promotion of green building programs should be encouraged, by the fundamental criteria of environmental and social ethics which form a deep commitment. This thesis gives a general concept about the SP assessment, and the ability to implement an assessment system in Gaza Strip. There was a difficulty in choosing the targeted engineers due to their full time work or their site work in different sites in Gaza Strip. Limitations and further works: Due to the size and complexity of the questionnaire, this thesis was only able to give weighted means and ranks for the main phases of the case studies. The detailed factors of the phases need to be surveyed later in later research. The results may differ if other rating systems were included. This needs further research, but the most relevant and important rating systems to Gaza Strip from the researcher’s and experts point of view after researching thoroughly in this topic that were chosen. So the results acquired are valid for use. More global assessment systems supposed to be used to assess the SP of the construction projects in Gaza Strip. The assessment of the five phases of the construction project has been caused some misunderstanding between the respondents, whereas the respondent may be not worked at the five phases of the construction project. Further studies may be conducted to assess the building individually for each phase of the construction projects. Recommendations: Finally, the main recommendation is to create an assessment system to be incorporated into construction projects to determine the ‘depth of SP ‘of individual projects. This would achieve a greater understanding of sustainability issues in the built environment, and would also create a measurable level of achievement that can be used to determine the success of individual projects in Gaza Strip.

توثيق المرجعي (APA)