ملخص الدراسة:

Gaza Strip is suffering the scarcity of water and energy (electricity) supply and distribution which signify a real catastrophe for residential buildings in this area. Water and energy shortage is accredited to numerous factors ranging from a limited supply, increase in demand, a high loss in serving and distribution network, an absence of water and energy conservation attitudes and behaviors, and the political aspects. The crisis should be managed carefully at two levels: (i) Governmental level to secure the water and energy demand with an appropriate and equitable distribution, and (ii) Public level to activate the conservation attitude and behavior. This research aimed to highlights the water and related energy consumption and conservation at residential buildings for emphasizing the sustainability at Gaza Strip. The ultimate outputs are to identify the dirvers affecting household`s residents consumption of water and related energy at residential buildings, to pinpoint strategies that guide household`s residents use of water and related energy to conservation and sustainability, and to investigate household`s residents attitudes and behaviors toward the conservation of water and related energy at residential buildings. To fulfill these objectives, research was carried in three stages: literature review, questionnaire survey and personal interviews. Personal structured interviews with 30 interviewees have been made to obtain more in-depth and valuable information. The interviews were conducted by parcticipating of professionals in the water and energy field. A total number of 123 questionnaires have been completed by household`s residents. Quantitative data analysis methods, including relative importance index (RII), reliability and validity tests, and Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were applied by SPSS 22. The study showed that there is a significant correlation between the drivers inspected and the household`s residents consumption of water and energy at residential buildings. Results obtained from interviews indicated that "Climate (seasonal weather) changes" was the most important dirver. It is strongly influencing household`s residents habits of water and energy consumption. Both drivers "Knowledge to conserve water and energy" and "Household size" were found of the most important dirvers. "Environmental value", "Number of household`s residents", " Educational level", and "behavioral control and attitude"; according to openion of the majority of professinals; are also classified of high importance on consumption. While other drivers were found important. Finally, both drivers " Gender" and "Older age residents" were found with neutral influence according to the majority of professinals. This study showed that "Older housholds" has no remarked impact on consumption of water and energy by household`s residents. In addition, the interview results showed that there is a significant relationship between the household`s residents consumption of water and energy and the inspected strategies for guiding conservation and sustainability. "Periodic maintenance for water and energy devices and systems" was found the most important strategy. The study revealed that " Leakage control", "Information", "Educational and training programs" and "Demand side management" are of the most important strategies to guide water and energy for conservation and sustainability. Also, the study revealed that the other inspected dirvers are important. Regarding to the household`s residents participation in this study, questionnaire survey revealed that socio-demographic factors as (gender, number of household`s residents and household size), personal attitudes and personal behaviors of households' residents have a significant impact on residential water and related energy conservation and sustainability. This finding emphasized the results founded by professionals via the interview instrument. Moreover, Spearman correlation analysis affirmed the statistical significant relationship between personal attitudes and personal behaviors of the households' residents toward the conservation and sustainability of water and related energy. The study was concluded by practical recommendations; of which the following are the most important: 1- developing clear and strict policies supporting water and energy conservation and sustainability, 2- providing household`s residents with the necessary information and educational programs to ensure their ability to make conservative decisions, 3- follow up the leakage, monitor and control dispensable use of an inefficient divices as residential water pumps, and 4- emphasizing cooperation and trust between water and energy concerned patries and household residents to improve social equity in supply, distribution and preventing illegalities.

توثيق المرجعي (APA)

Elzebdeh, Salam Mohammed Saied (2015). Water and Related Energy in Residential Buildings, Conservation and Sustainability. الجامعة الإسلامية - غزة. 19072