ملخص الدراسة:

During wars, civilians in their homes are subjected to risk of injuries and loss of life due to improper design of buildings. Therefore, special safety measures need to be introduced to current design requirements for buildings to minimize this risk. The undertaken research is concerned with the development of a new approach for designing reinforced concrete buildings that includes safety measures to improve safety of occupants during wars. The safety measures also facilitate easy evacuation in case of building damage or collapse. The safety measures in the approach have been determined after thorough review of relevant design safety measures at international level, taking into consideration the special situations and problems that had appeared during previous military attacks and the war on Gaza Strip. Eleven case studies of war damaged buildings in Gaza Strip were surveyed to evaluate structural and non-structural damages occurred in these buildings. This has allowed the determination of current design shortcomings of safety that were overcome in the developed approach. The proposed design approach outlines safety requirements related to five main fields: 1. Construction materials (including requirements of concrete and reinforcement), 2. Architectural design, 3. Structural design (including selection of the structural system and details of the structural elements), 4. Fire safety design, 5. Safe area and evacuation design (including requirements of structural system, evacuation, emergency supplies and examples on the safe area design). The implementation of the developed approach on different building plans verified its adequacy for designing of new buildings. Despite that the approach has been developed for designing of new buildings in Gaza Strip; it can be adopted for buildings in other geographical areas subjected to similar conditions. Also, existing buildings can be strengthened to satisfy the developed safety requirements. However, further investigations may be needed in such cases. The concerned authorities and decision makers are strongly advised to take practical measures to enforce the adoption of the developed approach which would safeguard human lives in case of war.

توثيق المرجعي (APA)

Al-shayah, Mohammad Khalil Ali (2010). Basis of Improving Safety of Buildings during Wars / Gaza Strip as a Case Study. the islamic university. 19548