ملخص الدراسة:

Conflict leads to toxic stress and health problems in childhood and beyond. Long term investment in evidence-informed mitigation strategies is needed to end the devastating cycles of violence.

توثيق المرجعي (APA)

Samara, Muthanna, Hammuda, Sara, Vostanis, Panos, El-Khodary, Basel,& Al-Dewik1, Nader (2020). Children’s prolonged exposure to the toxic stress of war trauma in the Middle East. British Medical Journal (BMJ), 28649