ملخص الدراسة:

Health is considered as one of those social entities concerned with the enonomic relations between people. it reflects the social condition and its progress. Thus we can observe the spread of desease among underdeveloped societies .Iraq witnessed under the Ottoman empire which extended for four centuries, the most bad condition of poverty, sickness and illiteracy. The conditions caused the spread of diseases such as measles mumps .The Ottoman conquest showed no interest in the health of Iraqi people especially in Baghdad except some personal efforts exerted by Medhat Pasha who made the first public hospitals. these hospitals had been paid no attention with the end of the Ottoman empire, they were only five hospitals.Yet those hospitals faced many problems in their duty in treating people due to the lack of financial allocations such as the capacity and their supplies with medical equipments. The second problem was the lack of the qualified cadres who were specialzed in various medical fields. This was the most problem which remaind till the first decade of the 20th century till the Iraqi pioneering of doctors graduated from the colleges of medicine.Another negative point was concerned with the geographical distribution of the doctors, and medical centers. They were gathered in Baghdad except for some centers in Karbala. What made the situation worse was the failure of the whole medical situations concerned those visitors of the sacred shrines which caused the spread of diseases and caused a large number of deaths especially in Baghdad.