ملخص الدراسة:

The present study sheds light on one of the reforming movements in Arab Homeland. Some reformative movements which made reforms of the conditions of Moslems and the education of Moslem generations on sound bases their optimal goal appeared recently. This objective became their main slogan especially after the Islamic World underwent fierce attacks by the western military and cultural challenges at the end of the 18th century A.D. Those attacks took different shapes the most important of which was the crusades which began to spread Christianity in the Islamic World due to the worsening Ottoman administration which negatively affected the conditions of the Islamic society. Those events led to the emergence of some reformers who championed the reformation movements in the different parts of the Islamic World including Africa. Among those was the Sunoosi movement which managed to establish a special position for itself thanks to its good organization in the economic field, and also its declaration as an emirate independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1913A.D. This excellent organization can be attributed to the Sunoosi Zawya (teaching mosque) which functioned as governmental institutions managing people’s affairs in the social, economic and religious fields.