ملخص الدراسة:

The present study deals with Mu’āwiya’s stance, the governor of Syria, the Caliph later on, from the political developments prior the murder of the Caliph Ottman. It also deals with the times and days of sedition that led to martyrdom of the Caliph Ottman (may Allah be pleased with him). Similarly, the study will also tackles with Mu’āwiya’s viewpoints in solving the troubles happened at those hard days. In those days many lives were lost, many fighting fronts were appeared.He was preferring to approach the peaceful solution rather than other solution that might be in using force. Similarly, he respected other’s views in those troubled days. The study also will review the opinions that were given by Mu’āwiya’s opponents and how he replied to them.Moreover, the study will give the views that are given by Islamic and Arab scholars concerning what happened between Mu’āwiya and Ali bin Abi Talib (May Allah be please with them), and what happen in Siffeen. Then, the study will mention the referee issue. Likewise, the study reviews Mu’āwiya respect towards the Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib and how he cried when he heard about his death (40A.H./ 669A.D.). On the other hand, we find how the Caliph Ali regretted for what happened preferring that he could have died before experiencing those troubles. This study relies on the latest books and articles in the Islamic history, jurists’ views, and the modern views of the historians in order to arrive at the real image of the real situation and what was Mu’āwiya’s stance.